By Rob Moulton, Nicola Higgs, Anne Mainwaring, Becky Critchley, and Anna Lewis-Martinez
The latest edition of our Private Bank Briefing provides a roundup of legal and compliance issues impacting private banks and their clients from Q1 2021.
In this edition, we cover some of the key regulatory announcements relating to MiFID II and the impact of COVID-19, the latest on Brexit, the FCA’s announcement on the dates for cessation of LIBOR benchmark settings, and the FCA’s
10 Key Regulatory Focus Areas for UK/European Wholesale Markets in 2019
By David Berman, Carl Fernandes Nicola Higgs, Rob Moulton, Charlotte Collins, and Christopher Sullivan.
In the fifth post of this 10-blog series, we identify key milestones in the derivatives market for the year ahead. This is taken from our wider publication: 10 Key Regulatory Focus Areas for UK/European Wholesale Markets in 2019 – Progress Report. Read the full publication here.
By David Berman, Carl Fernandes Nicola Higgs, Rob Moulton, and Charlotte Collins
In the second post of this 10-blog series, we examine recent and upcoming developments relating to MiFID II. This is taken from our wider publication: 10 Key Regulatory Focus Areas for UK/European Wholesale Markets in 2019 – Progress Report. Read the full publication here.
By David Berman, Carl Fernandes Nicola Higgs, Rob Moulton and Charlotte Collins
In our January publication, we highlighted what we were seeing as the top regulatory focus areas for our clients during the year ahead, focusing on wholesale market structures and conduct risk.
In a series of 10 blog posts, we will take a closer look at the key areas highlighted, mapping developments from the first half of 2019, and looking ahead to the remainder of the year.
The guidelines create new obligations for financial, payment, and electronic money institutions that will impact cloud outsourcing and deployment of FinTech.
By Fiona M. Maclean and Laura Holden
On 25 February 2019, the European Banking Authority (EBA) published a final report on its draft guidelines on outsourcing arrangements (Guidelines). The report followed the EBA’s publication of draft guidelines in June 2018 (Draft Guidelines) and the ensuing public consultation in September 2018 (Public Consultation).
The Guidelines replace the 2006 Committee of European Banking Supervisors (CEBS) Guidelines on Outsourcing (CEBS Guidelines) and replace and incorporate the EBA’s final recommendations on outsourcing to cloud service providers (Cloud Recommendations). Financial institutions will now only need to consult one set of guidelines for cloud and non-cloud outsourcing.
The Guidelines apply to a wider range of entities (Covered Entities for the purpose of this article) than the CEBS Guidelines and the Cloud Recommendations, including payment or electronic money institutions. The Guidelines now apply to all financial institutions that are:
As a result, a wider range of companies, such as FinTech companies, will now face the challenge of remaining agile and competitive in fast-moving markets, whilst managing the administrative and practical challenges of maintaining compliance with the Guidelines.
The Guidelines come into force on 30 September 2019. Any outsourcing arrangements entered into, reviewed, or amended by Covered Entities after that date must comply with the Guidelines. Covered Entities must also update all existing outsourcing arrangements in line with the Guidelines by 31 December 2021. For Covered Entities that are already subject to the Cloud Recommendations, these deadlines will not have any effect on their obligation to comply with the cloud specific requirements – these requirements will continue to apply as they did prior to publication of the Guidelines. An overview of the status of the Cloud Recommendations, per jurisdiction, can be found here.
While “critical and important functions” are subjected to stricter rules, the Guidelines generally apply to all outsourcings by Covered Entities, including intragroup outsourcings, representing a further widening of scope when compared with the CEBS Guidelines. Covered Entities will therefore face additional administrative burdens that they must balance with the need to stay ahead of the competition. Following concerns raised at the Public Consultation, the EBA clarified in the Guidelines that regulators will not consider every outsourcing to a cloud solution as critical or important; rather the same test applies as with other non-cloud service providers, taking into account “cloud specificities”.
Under the Guidelines, the definition of “outsourcing” is based on the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/565 and defined as: “an arrangement of any form between an institution, a payment institution or an electronic money institution and a service provider by which that service provider performs a process, a service or an activity that would otherwise be undertaken by the institution, the payment institution or the electronic money institution itself”.
The Guidelines define “critical or important functions” based on the wording of MiFID II and the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/565, which includes functions that “if a defect or failure were to occur, would materially impair the continuing compliance of the firm’s activities and obligations”.
To outsource banking and payment services to a third country (i.e., non-EU) service provider, the Guidelines require the competent authorities responsible for supervising each party to have a co-operation agreement in place. Therefore, post-Brexit, the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority will need to agree a co-operation agreement with EU regulators to ensure that cross-border outsourced arrangements can continue between the UK and the EU27.
The FCA has recently announced that it will begin a review of how firms have implemented the unbundling rules “within weeks”.
By Beatrice Lo and Jonathan Ritson-Candler
At its recent asset management conference, the FCA announced that it will imminently launch a review of how asset managers have implemented the new MiFID II obligation to pay for the research they receive from sell-side firms separately from execution costs (the so-called “unbundling rules”). This is the first FCA-initiated MiFID II review, and comes only six months after the implementation of MiFID II. This is indicative of the regulator’s focus in this area.
The unbundling rules, as part of MiFID II, came into effect on 3 January 2018. The rules represent one of the most significant implementation challenges for the industry given that previously, research had not been separately priced and the new rules are silent on how sell-side firms should negotiate and price their research services (and what buy-side firms could accept). This meant that firms were still developing their pricing models and were still engaged in negotiations post the 3 January 2018 deadline. In recognition of this, towards the end of 2017, the FCA and ESMA permitted “trial periods”. During these periods, sell-side firms can provide, and buy-side firms can receive, free research for a maximum of three months (within any 12 month period). The regulator is keen not only to ensure that firms are compliant with the new rules, but also to understand the broader impact of the unbundling rules on the market.
FCA warns providers of cryptocurrency derivatives of their regulatory obligations.
By Andrew Moyle, Stuart Davis and Charlotte Collins
The UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has issued a statement reminding businesses offering cryptocurrency derivatives of the requirement to be authorised.
The FCA explains that, although cryptocurrencies are not themselves regulated in the UK, derivatives that reference cryptocurrencies (such as cryptocurrency futures, cryptocurrency contracts for differences, and cryptocurrency options) are capable of being financial instruments under the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II (MiFID II) and therefore within scope of regulation. The FCA clarifies that it does not consider cryptocurrencies to be currencies or commodities under MiFID II.
ESMA to introduce measures to restrict the provision of CFDs, and prohibit the provision of binary options, to retail investors in the EU.
By Nicola Higgs and Charlotte Collins
The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) has announced the first use of its new product intervention powers under MiFID II. ESMA had announced before MiFID II came into force that it would introduce such measures, and had launched a brief call for evidence on its specific proposals on 18 January 2018. Despite receiving almost 18,500 responses to the proposals (many of which were presumably objections from the industry), ESMA has pressed ahead regardless, suggesting that the consultation was a mere formality.
The measures will introduce: